Analysis in the diagnosis of breast cancer glands of information content of digital mammography and mammoscintigraphy

Erta diagnostika muvaffaqiyatli davolashning kaliti ekani ma‘lum: u o‘smaga qarshi davolash samaradorligini oshiradi hamda davolash agressivligini va jiddiy nojo‘ya ta‘sirlar uchrashini kamaytirish uchun qulay sharoit yaratadi. Ko‘krak bezi saratonini aniqlashda mammografiya (MGM, ultratovush tekshiruvi va MRT) samaradorligini (shu jumladan ko‘krak bezi to‘qimasining 1 sm² yuzasida 15 tadan ortiq xavfli o‘smalar bo‘lganda) cheklangan deb tan olish kerak. Ko‘krak bezi to‘qimasining rentgenologik zichligi A va B mammografik tiplarda, oshgan rentgenologik zichlik esa C va D tiplarda baholandi. Tadqiqotimizda tekshirilgan 437 nafar ayoldan 171 nafarida (39%) ko‘krak bezi to‘qimasining rentgenologik zichligi oshgani, 266 nafarida (61%) esa past zichlik aniqlandi. Tadqiqot shuni ko‘rsatdiki, raqamli mammografiya va mahalliy tumorotrop «99mTc-texnetril» preparati bilan mammossintigrafiyani birgalikda qo‘llash ko‘krak bezi to‘qimasining rentgenologik zichligidan qat‘i nazar, minimal va multisentrik ko‘krak bezi saratonini aniqlashning eng aniq usuli hisoblanadi.

R E S E A RC H F O C US xalqaro ilmiy jurnali hamkorligida

QR-kod maqolaning DOI sahifasini ochadi SAHIFALAR TIL 1437–1439 Ingliz IQTIBOS UCHUN Akhrarova Umida Sadritdinovna. Analysis in the diagnosis of breast cancer glands of information content of digital mammography and mammoscintigraphy // «O‘zbekiston olima ayollarining mamlakat taraqqiyotiga qo‘shayotgan hissasi» mavzusidagi xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy konferensiya materiallari (Nukus, 2026- yil 9–10-oktyabr). – Nukus, 2026. – B. 1437–1439. – DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.66073/ReFocus-Conf/0910300

«O‘zbekiston olima ayollarining mamlakat taraqqiyotiga qo‘shayotgan hissasi» XALQARO ILMIY-AMALIY KONFERENSIYA NUKUS, 9–10-OKT YABR 2026

ANALYSIS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF BREAST CANCER GLANDS OF INFORMATION CONTENT OF DIGITAL MAMMOGRAPHY AND MAMMOSCINTIGRAPHY Akhrarova Umida Sadritdinovna Radiologist, Oncologist, City Branch of the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Oncology and Radiology of the Republic of Uzbekistan E-mail: axrarovaumida19872207@gmail.com

Abstract: Early diagnosis is known to be key to successful treatment, as it increases the effectiveness of antitumor treatment and creates favorable conditions for reducing the aggressiveness of therapy and the incidence of serious adverse effects. The effectiveness of mammography (MGM, ultrasound, and MRI) in detecting breast cancer (including malignant tumors with a number of more than 15 per 1 cm 2 of breast tissue) should be recognized as limited. X-ray density of breast tissue was assessed in types A and B mammographic patterns and increased X-ray density of breast tissue in types C and D mammographic patterns. In our study, increased X-ray density of breast tissue was found in 171 (39%) patients out of 437 examined women, and low X-ray density of breast tissue was found in 266 (61%). The study showed that the combined use of digital mammography and mammoscintigraphy with the domestic tumorotropic drug "99mTctechnetril" is the most accurate method for diagnosing minimal and multicentric breast cancer, regardless of the X-ray density of breast tissue. Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality in women. Early diagnosis is known to be key to successful treatment, as it increases the effectiveness of antitumor treatment and creates favorable conditions for reducing the aggressiveness of therapy and the incidence of serious adverse effects [1]. Currently, methods such as digital mammography (MMG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound examinations (US) are the main diagnostic tool for breast cancer [2]. However, their ability to detect minimal forms of breast cancer (the presence of a pathological lesion no more than 10 mm in diameter or visualization of grouped clusters of microcalcifications The effectiveness of mammography (MGM, ultrasound, and MRI) in detecting breast cancer (including malignant tumors with a number of more than 15 per 1 cm2 of breast tissue) should be recognized as limited [3]. From a practical point of view, one of the most unfavorable consequences of the insufficient reliability of MMG, ultrasound, and MRI is the high rate of invasive interventions in the form of excisional breast biopsies [5]. To date, mammography has been considered the primary method for detecting breast tumors (BT). However, its accuracy is significantly reduced when diagnosing changes in dense BT tissue, especially when detecting minimal BT [2,3] and multicentric BT [4].

Digital MMG was performed with compression of the mammary gland using the standard technique in the craniocaudal and mediolateral projections. (Figure 1). NUKUS · 2026 X A L Q A R O I L M I Y- A M A L I Y K O N F E R E N S I YA

Figure 1. Basic positions for digital mammography The study was performed on both sides, regardless of the location of the suspicious lesion, with the aim of timely diagnosis of clinically asymptomatic « O ‘ Z B E K I S T O N O L I M A AY O L L A R I N I N G M A M L A K AT T A R A Q Q I Y O T I G A Q O ‘ S H AY O T G A N H I S S A S I »

cancer in the opposite mammary gland. When analyzing mammograms, the following were determined: X-ray density and structure of the mammary glands; if a pathological formation was detected, its characteristics were assessed – location, size, X-ray density, contours, presence of microcalcifications, connection with surrounding tissues; condition of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. The resulting images were analyzed and classified in accordance with the BI-RADS scale (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System, 2014). The criterion for the diagnosis of breast cancer was the presence of a nodular formation(s) or visualization of microcalcifications of a malignant type [ Le Gal M., 2001]. The criterion for diagnosing minimal breast cancer was the presence of a pathological lesion with a diameter of no more than 10 mm [4]. The criterion for diagnosing multicentric breast cancer was the presence of two or more tumor nodes of various shapes and structures located in different quadrants of the breast [TNM staging system recommendations, 2016]. Also, the detection of individual additional grouped clusters [4] of malignant microcalcifications (more than 15 pieces per 1 cm2) was considered signs of multicentricity. Mammographic diagnosis of breast cancer was established using BI-RADS assessment (Table 1). Table 1. BI-RADS categories Categories Diagnosis 0 Poor-quality MMG, incorrect placement, insufficient projections. A repeat examination or additional imaging techniques are required. 1 Age norm 2 Benign changes

Categories Diagnosis 3 Probable benign changes 4 Suspicious changes 5 Almost certain malignant changes 6 Histologically confirmed breast cancer NUKUS · 2026

The X-ray density of breast tissue was assessed in accordance with the BI-RADS system: A – fatty (breast fat with the presence of fibroglandular tissue less than 25% of the area of the mammogram), B – fatty with scattered fibroglandular tissue (foci of fibroglandular tissue from 25 to 50% of the area of the mammogram), C – non-uniformly dense (fibroglandular tissue from 51 to 75% of X A L Q A R O I L M I Y- A M A L I Y K O N F E R E N S I YA

the area of the mammogram) and D – extremely dense (fibroglandular tissue more than 75%) (Figure 6). In accordance with the international recommendations of the ACR (American College of Radiology, 2014) low X-ray density of breast tissue was assessed in types A and B mammographic patterns and increased X-ray density of breast tissue in types C and D mammographic patterns. In our study, increased X-ray density of breast tissue was found in 171 (39%) patients out of 437 examined women, and low X-ray density of breast tissue was found in 266 (61%). The study showed that the combined use of digital mammography and mammoscintigraphy with the domestic tumorotropic drug "99mTctechnetril" is the most accurate method for diagnosing minimal and multicentric breast cancer, « O ‘ Z B E K I S T O N O L I M A AY O L L A R I N I N G M A M L A K AT T A R A Q Q I Y O T I G A Q O ‘ S H AY O T G A N H I S S A S I »

regardless of the X-ray density of breast tissue.