MAYDA GULLI TOG‘ RAYHONI (ORIGANUM TYTTANTHUM G) O‘SIMLIGINING BIOMORFOLOGIK XUSUSIYATLARI

Markaziy Osiyoda keng tarqalgan dorivor o‘simlik Origanum tyttanthum Gbiomorfologik belgilarini va urug‘ orqali ko‘payishini o‘rganish bo‘yicha tadqiqotlar olib borildi.Tadqiqotda o‘simlikning asosiy o‘sish ko‘rsatkichlari — poya, barg va rivojlanish dinamikasi tahlil qilindi.Olingan natijalar ushbu turning biologiyasini chuqurroq anglashga va uni introdyktsiya sharoitlardayetishtirish texnologiyasini takomillashtirishga xizmat qiladi.

MAYDA GULLI TOG‘RAYHONI (ORIGANUM TYTTANTHUM G) O‘SIMLIGINING BIOMORFOLOGIK XUSUSIYATLARI

Boboyeva Xurshida Burxonovna¹, ilmiy rahbar – To‘xtayev Boboqul Yorqulovich² ¹Samarqand davlat veterinariya meditsinasi, chorvachilik va biotexnologiyalar universiteti, xurshidaboboyeva60@gmail.com ²biologiya fanlari doktori, professor

Annotatsiya: Markaziy Osiyoda keng tarqalgan dorivor o‘simlik Origanum tyttanthum G biomorfologik belgilarini va urug‘orqali ko‘payishini o‘rganish bo‘yicha tadqiqotlar olib borildi. Tadqiqotda o‘simlikning asosiy o‘sish ko‘rsatkichlari — poya, barg va rivojlanish dinamikasi tahlil qilindi. Olingan natijalar ushbu turning biologiyasini chuqurroq anglashga va uni introdyktsiya sharoitlarda yetishtirish texnologiyasini takomillashtirishga xizmat qiladi. Kalit so‘zlar: Origanum tyttanthum, biomorfologiya, urug‘dan ko‘paytirish, dorivor o‘simlik, o‘sish dinamikasi

BIOMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SMALL-FLOWERED MOUNTAIN OREGANO (Origanum tyttanthum G) PLANT PROPAGATED FROM SEEDS

Boboyeva Xurshida Burxonovna¹, supervised by Toxthaev Boboqul Yorqulovich² Samarkand State University of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Husbandry and Biotechnology, xurshidaboboyeva60@gmail.com ²Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor

Abstract. Origanum tyttanthum G, a medicinal plant widely distributed in Central Asia, was studied for its biometric morphological characteristics and seed propagation. The research focused on essential growth parameters including stem, leaves, and development dynamics. The findings contribute to better understanding of the plant’s biology and its cultivation under natural conditions. Keywords: Origanum tyttanthum, biomorphology, seed propagation, medicinal plant, growth dynamics

БИОМОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ МЕЛКОЦВЕТКОВОГО ГОРНОГО ОРЕГАНО (ORIGANUM TYTTANTHUM G), РАЗМНОЖЕННОГО СЕМЕНАМИ

Бобоева Хуршида Бурхоновна¹, научный руководительТухтаев Бобокул Еркулович² ¹Самаркандский государственный университет ветеринарной медицины, животноводства и биотехнологий, xurshidaboboyeva60@gmail.com ²доктор биологических наук, профессор

Аннотация. В статье представлены результаты исследования биоморфологических характеристик лекарственного растения Origanum tyttanthum G, широко распространённого в Центральной Азии. Изучены основные морфометрические показатели растения, включая особенности стебля, листьев и динамику роста при размножении семенами. Полученные данные позволяют более глубоко понять биологию вида и могут быть использованы при его культивировании в естественных условиях. Ключевые слова: Origanum tyttanthum, биоморфология, семенное размножение, лекарственное растение, динамика роста

Introduction Small-flowered mountain oregano (Origanum tyttanthum G) is an endemic and medicinal plant of Central Asia and Southern Kazakhstan. Studying its biomorphological characteristics in both natural habitats and cultivation is crucial [1]. Detailed information on the species’ internal polymorphism, growth processes, and ontogenesis forms the basis for its effective propagation and wide use as a biological resource [2]. Therefore, investigating the biomorphological parameters of seed-propagated O. tyttanthum G is not only scientifically significant but also practically relevant [1,3]. O. tyttanthum G belongs to the Lamiaceae family and is a perennial rhizomatous plant endemic to Central Asia and Southern Kazakhstan [1]. The Lamiaceae family includes over 70 genera and 49 taxa globally [1]. The Origanum genus is distinguished by diverse morphological traits, which often complicate taxonomy and species identification [2]. Particularly, leaf shape, inflorescence structure, and flower size and color show high variability [3]. Correctly studied biomorphological traits help in understanding plant growth processes, species specificity, and ecological adaptability [2,4]. Therefore, in-depth investigation of the biomorphological parameters of seed-propagated O. tyttanthum G, a plant of significant medicinal value, is both scientifically and practically important [1,4]. Materials and Methods Research was conducted from 2021 to 2023 in Pastdargom district, Samarkand region, under agricultural field conditions. Seed-propagated plants were sown in three planting schemes (90×30 cm, 60×30 cm, and 45×30 cm) and monitored annually in spring and autumn for growth dynamics. Biomorphological parameters—stem height, stem diameter, leaf number, leaf size, and other morphological traits—were measured regularly. Analysis was performed according to the plant’s developmental stages (virginal growth period).

Figure 1. Formation of True Leaves in Small-Flowered Mountain Oregano (Origanum tyttanthum G) Sults and Discussion

Stem Characteristics The stem of O. tyttanthum G reaches 20–60(90) cm, has a tetracyclic structure, and is often branched. Stems may have fine violet-colored pubescence. Cross-section shows primary epidermis, vascular tissue, and pith clearly. Leaf Characteristics Leaves are opposite, 1–5 cm long and 1–3 cm wide, with small serrations. The upper surface is usually green, while the lower surface is light or grayish-green. Amphistomatic leaves have stomata on both upper and lower epidermis. Seed-Propagated Plant Growth Seedlings sown in autumn during the first year exhibited stem lengths from 3.26 cm to 14.84 cm during the virginal growth period. During the immaturity stage, stem lengths reached 26.8–27.0 cm with diameters of 0.44–0.46 cm. Growth was more pronounced in the second year, with stem diameter significantly larger in autumn plantings compared to spring. Leaf number and size varied depending on growth stages and planting schemes. In autumn plantings at 90×30 cm, the number of leaves during the first year ranged from 4.8 to 22.9, slightly lower in spring plantings. Leaf growth correlated with plant size, reflecting biomorphological parameters at different developmental stages. First-Year Vegetation Dynamics During the first vegetative year (2020), the dynamics of leaf number in seed-propagated O. tyttanthum G were studied (virginal ontogenesis period). Analysis of biomorphological traits and growth dynamics enhances understanding of the plant’s ecological and practical significance. Results allow identification of optimal growth conditions, enable efficient use as a medicinal resource, and show that sowing timing and schemes significantly affect plant development, which is important for developing future intensive cultivation agro-technologies.