DEVELOPING FLEXIBILITY IN 9–10-YEARS-OLD STUDENTS THROUGH GYMNASTICS TRAINING

Ushbu maqolada 9-10 yoshli o‘quvchilarda gimnastika mashqlari orqali moslashuvchanlikni rivojlantirishning ahamiyati va samaradorligi muhokama qilinadi. Maqolada moslashuvchanlikni oshirish uchun tegishli mashqlar, texnikalar va usullar tasvirlangan. Shuningdek, u moslashuvchanlikni rivojlantirishning tana shakliga va umumiy jismoniy salomatlikka ta‘sirini tahlil qiladi. Ushbu ilmiy maqola talabalarda jismoniy tarbiya bo‘yicha aniq ko‘rsatmalarni yaratishga yordam beradi.

DEVELOPING FLEXIBILITY IN 9–10-YEARS-OLD STUDENTS THROUGH GYMNASTICS TRAINING Raxmatov Shoxrux, Xolboyeva Gulxayo Samarqand davlat pedagogika instituti E-mail: shoxruxraxmatov@mail.com https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17292229 Abstract: This article discusses the importance and effectiveness of developing flexibility in 9-10-year-old students through gymnastics exercises. The article describes appropriate exercises, techniques, and methods for enhancing flexibility. It also analyzes the impact of flexibility development on body shape and overall physical health. This scientific paper helps establish clear guidelines for physical education in students. Keywords: gymnastics, flexibility, physical education, 9-10 years old, exercises, body shape, health, development, students

РАЗВИТИЕ ГИБКОСТИ У УЧАЩИХСЯ 9–10 ЛЕТ ПОСРЕДСТВОМ ЗАНЯТИЙ ГИМНАСТИКОЙ Рахматов Шохрух, Холбоева Гульхайо Самаркандский государственный педагогический институт E-mail: shoxruxraxmatov@mail.com Аннотация: В данной статье рассматривается важность и эффективность развития гибкости у учащихся 9–10 лет посредством гимнастических упражнений. В статье описываются подходящие упражнения, техники и методы повышения гибкости. Также анализируется влияние развития гибкости на фигуру и общее физическое здоровье. Данная научная работа помогает разработать четкие рекомендации по физическому воспитанию учащихся. Ключевые слова: гимнастика, гибкость, физическое воспитание, 9-10 лет, упражнения, фигура, здоровье, развитие, учащиеся

GIMNASTIKA MASHG’ULOTI ORQALI 9-10 YOSHLI O’QUVCHILARDA MOSLASHUVCHANLIKNI RIVOJLANTIRISH Raxmatov Shoxrux Xolboyeva Gulxayo Samarqand davlat pedagogika instituti E-mail: shoxruxraxmatov@mail.com Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada 9-10 yoshli o‘quvchilarda gimnastika mashqlari orqali moslashuvchanlikni rivojlantirishning ahamiyati va samaradorligi muhokama qilinadi. Maqolada moslashuvchanlikni oshirish uchun tegishli mashqlar, texnikalar va usullar tasvirlangan. Shuningdek, u moslashuvchanlikni rivojlantirishning tana shakliga va umumiy jismoniy salomatlikka ta'sirini tahlil qiladi. Ushbu ilmiy maqola talabalarda jismoniy tarbiya bo'yicha aniq ko'rsatmalarni yaratishga yordam beradi. Kalit so‘zlar: gimnastika, moslashuvchanlik, jismoniy tarbiya, 9-10 yosh, mashqlar, tana shakli, salomatlik, rivojlanish, talabalar

INTRODUCTION The relevance of developing flexibility in 9–10-year-old students during gymnastics training is of great importance in the field of physical education and health. At this age, children’s bodies begin to grow and stiffen, therefore, developing flexibility not only improves physical fitness but also plays a crucial role in laying the foundation for future athletic achievements. Before preparing for complex or high-level sports, the development of flexibility through gymnastics ensures the healthy growth of a child’s body and increases the adaptability of their muscular and skeletal systems. This, in turn, protects them from future injuries, strengthens physical health, and creates a basis for effectively performing daily activities. Moreover, flexibility in gymnastics lessons allows children to learn coordination, balance, and freedom of movement, which are also useful in daily life and in other types of sports. Naturally flexible children may achieve success in various sports in the future, particularly in dance, acrobatics, and rhythmic gymnastics. Therefore, the development of flexibility in 9–10-year-old students is a pressing issue and should be considered within the framework of comprehensive measures aimed at improving physical education and overall health. RESEARCH AIM The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of developing flexibility in 9–10-yearold students through gymnastics training. Objectives. To study the positive impact of flexibility development on students’ overall health and physical development. RESEARCH METHODS Literature review, questionnaire survey, pedagogical experiment, exercise and activity analysis, pedagogical observation, and statistical analysis methods were applied. Since children aged 9–10 are in an important stage of physical and psychological development, their physical education and sports activities play a vital role in maintaining health, improving body shape, and developing balance. Flexibility development at this age may be beneficial not only in sports but also in everyday life. Flexibility is primarily related to the elasticity of the muscular system and freedom of movement, which is one of the essential qualities for achieving success in many types of sports. Developing flexibility through gymnastics training is especially important for improving body shape, strengthening the muscular and skeletal systems, and creating the physiological foundations necessary for continuing sports activities. The positive effects of flexibility on physical health lead to higher athletic performance and personal success. Today, the scientific and practical significance of developing flexibility in 9–10-year-old children is increasing. Therefore, the aim of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of developing children’s flexibility through gymnastics training, to determine the most effective methods and exercises for them, and to define the role of flexibility in overall physical development. This study also aims to enhance students’ interest in sports, make physical education more effective, and create the basis for future achievements in sports. The work directly influences students’ physical development and athletic success. Table 1 presents a set of special exercises designed to develop flexibility in 9–10-year-old students during gymnastics training. These exercises not only improve flexibility but also enhance body posture, develop balance, and increase freedom of movement.

Table 1. Special exercises aimed at developing flexibility in 9–10-year-old students during gymnastics training Exercise Name Description Execution 1. Stretching on a The student lies on a cushion and For 2–3 minutes, lie on the Cushion stretches the legs in a specific position. cushion, stretch the legs, and This exercise strengthens the lower back try to bend forward. and thigh muscles. 2. Leg Lifts in Lying on the back with arms on the floor, Lift and lower each leg 10– Supine Position the student slowly raises and lowers the 15 times while maintaining legs. body stability. 3. “Lid” Exercise The student lies on a cushion, lifts the legs Perform 10–15 repetitions of upward, and rocks forward and backward. lifting the legs on the cushion and rocking backward. 4. Forward Bends Standing, the student stretches one leg Stretch each leg for 15–20 (Hamstring forward and bends the head downward. seconds and return to the Stretch) starting position. 5. Plank Exercise The student holds the body straight, Maintain the plank position supporting on arms and toes. This for 15–20 seconds while strengthens the muscles. keeping the body stable. 6. Wide-Leg The student spreads the legs wide apart, Perform 10–15 forward Stretching bends forward and backward to check bends with slow and body stability. controlled movements. 7. “Black Bear” Standing on all fours, the student stretches Lift each leg 15–20 times Exercise arms wide apart and raises the legs while extending the arms alternately. further forward. 8. Alternating Lying on the back, the student alternates Perform 15–20 alternating Leg Crosses leg movements while trying to stretch. leg movements with light and correct technique. 9. Wide-Leg The student sits with legs spread wide Hold the stretch for 15–20 Sitting Stretch apart and gently bends the body forward. seconds while slowly leaning forward.

Cross-Leg Forward Bend. In this exercise, the student sits cross-legged and bends the body forward and downward. The movement should be performed 10–15 times to test and improve strength, flexibility, and balance. When performing the set of exercises, several important execution guidelines should be followed. Each exercise should be repeated 2–3 times, with particular attention paid to performing the movements gradually and with correct technique. Throughout the exercises, it is essential to control breathing and maintain proper body position. Regular and systematic practice of these movements contributes to the effective development of flexibility, enhances muscular strength, and ensures the overall physical preparedness of students. Cross-Leg Forward Bend. In this exercise, the student sits cross-legged and bends the body forward and downward. The movement should be performed 10–15 times to test and improve strength, flexibility, and balance.

When performing the set of exercises, several important execution guidelines should be followed. Each exercise should be repeated 2–3 times, with particular attention paid to performing the movements gradually and with correct technique. Throughout the exercises, it is essential to control breathing and maintain proper body position. Regular and systematic practice of these movements contributes to the effective development of flexibility, enhances muscular strength, and ensures the overall physical preparedness of students. By performing the exercises regularly, students can achieve significant improvement in flexibility and muscular strength. This set of exercises effectively contributes to the development of flexibility, the strengthening of physical fitness, and the preparation of students for sports activities.

Table 2. Assessment and Criteria for Performing Flexibility Development Exercises Assessment Criteria Good (4–5 points) Average (2–3 points) With Deficiencies (0–1 point) Technique (Correct Performs the exercise Minor errors are Serious errors in Execution of correctly, precisely, present during technique; body Exercise) and with balance. Body execution, but overall position and position, bends, and technique is good. In movements are stretches are accurate, some cases, body incorrect or poorly and breathing is position or bending is executed. properly controlled. unclear. Flexibility Completes the Flexibility Significant Development exercises fully; bends development is difficulties in and stretches are visible in some flexibility precise and effective. exercises, but full development; bends and stretches unable to fully are still difficult. complete the exercises. Stability and Balance Maintains full stability Minor difficulties in Major difficulties in and balance during maintaining stability maintaining exercises. Movements and balance in some stability; frequent are smooth and exercises, but overall errors occur in controlled. execution is balance control. acceptable. Breathing and Breathing is properly Minor mistakes in Serious difficulties Movement controlled; breathing control, but in breathing control; Continuity coordination between overall breathing breathing is movements and remains adequate incorrect and breathing is consistent. during exercises. ineffective. Physical Activity and Exercises are Activity decreases at Problems in Endurance performed regularly certain moments, but maintaining and continuously with overall physical physical activity; high activity levels; no activity is good. frequent interruptions occur. interruptions or

difficulties arise during exercises. Overall Effectiveness Exercises are effective, Minor shortcomings Low effectiveness; of Exercise complete, and are present during difficulties in fully Performance purposeful. They have exercise performance, completing some a significant positive but overall positive exercises. impact on the child’s results are achieved. physical development.

Good (4–5 points): Exercises are performed fully and correctly, with noticeable improvement in flexibility and stability, effective physical activity, and proper breathing control. Average (2–3 points): Some shortcomings are present, but overall exercise performance is good; students continue the exercises successfully despite minor errors. With Deficiencies (0–1 point): Serious difficulties are observed during exercise performance, including problems with technique, flexibility, or maintaining stability. In the assessment process, students’ individual abilities, level of physical development, and prior experience are taken into account. This evaluation encourages them to achieve better results. CONCLUSIONS The Impact of Flexibility on Physical Development: The study revealed that gymnastics training plays a significant role in developing children’s flexibility. Regular exercise performance, particularly strengthening the muscles of the legs, lower back, and spinal column, helps improve children’s freedom of movement and physical health. Properly performed exercises, carried out gradually, significantly increase flexibility in children. Performing exercises systematically allows children to develop new skills, enhance muscle elasticity, and improve range of motion.