MODERN APPROACHES TO TEACHING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

Ingliz tilini o‘qitish metodlari gapirish, tinglab tushunish, o‘qish va yozish ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantirishga qaratilgan turli yondashuv, strategiya va usullarni o‘z ichiga oladi. O‘qitish maqsadlariga, o‘quvchilarning yoshiga va ularning til bilish darajasiga qarab turli metodlar qo‘llaniladi.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15116585

MODERN APPROACHES TO TEACHING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE Ibragimova Dilbar Sadullaevna Assistant teacher of Samarkand Zarmed University

Abstract. Methods of teaching English include various approaches, strategies and techniques aimed at developing speaking, listening, reading and writing skills. Depending on the learning objectives, the age of the students and their level of language proficiency, different methods are used. Key words: analysis, method, research, education, training, English language.

In the modern world, English is very popular; moreover, this language is the language of international communication and is known all over the world. Today there are a huge variety of methods for teaching English. In addition, new ones are regularly developed, so now each teacher can choose the optimal working method for himself. Currently,while teaching a foreign language in higher education following classical methods are most often used in educational institutions. Namely: 1. Direct method. 2. Grammar-translation method of teaching. 3. Audiovisual and audiolingual methods. 4. Communicative method. The essence technique of direct method of teaching a foreign language is that the teacher pays more attention to studying the spoken language itself, which is used in everyday life. The developers of this method considered that the intermediary language, that is, the language in which teaching is conducted, inhibits the learning of a foreign language. Thus, students are artificially introduced into the world of the language they are learning. The entire lesson is conducted in English. The teacher must give explanations and new topics also in English. Only English-language literature is used. The grammar-translation method is the main one in the modern educational system. This is a classic method that has been used for decades. Its prevalence is also due to the fact that most teachers themselves trained using this method.The goal of the grammar-translation method is to learn to read and translate using grammatical rules. The disadvantages of this method include the fact that insufficient attention is paid to the lexical part. The essence of audiovisual and audiolingual methods is to convey the language through clear structures, learning occurs using audio and video recordings. The audiovisual teaching method involves illustrating speech with appropriate pictures, that is, students are shown videos, feature films and documentaries in English. In this case, students have two channels of perception working simultaneously - visual and auditory, as a result of which associations arise in the students’ heads, which allows them to better memorize the language. The goal of the methods is to master a living, spoken language. Currently, an increasing number of teachers are turning to the communicative method of learning English. The object of this method is speech itself, that is, this technique primarily teaches how to communicate. The communicative method implies greater student activity. The teacher’s task in this case will be to involve everyone in the audience in the conversation.

The "full physical response" method is especially popular in teaching children. It is based on the execution of commands and movements, which helps to better remember words and expressions. Benefits: Great for children and beginners, improves language comprehension through action. Disadvantages: Limited in use at advanced levels. The use of games, quizzes, board games and online games makes learning fun. Benefits: increases motivation, helps memorize words and expressions. Digital technologies have significantly changed the learning process: Mobile applications (Duolingo, LingQ, Anki), Online courses and platforms (BBC Learning English, Coursera, italki), Virtual and augmented reality - interactive lessons using VR/AR. Pros: availability at any time, individual pace of learning, interactive format. When choosing a technique, it is important to consider: 1. Age of the student - play methods are suitable for children, communicative and project approaches are suitable for adults. 2. Objectives of study - for passing exams you need an academic method, and for traveling - a communicative one. 3. Personal learning style - some learn better through practice, others through theory. Modern methods of teaching English are based on a combination of different approaches and technologies. Combining traditional and innovative methods makes learning more effective and fun.