<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD with MathML3 v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xml:lang="en">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">legalreport</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>TSUL Legal Report</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">TSUL Legal Report</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub" publication-format="print">2181-1024</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Toshkent davlat yuridik universiteti</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51788/tsul.lr.3.1./jstf1453</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other" assigning-authority="relibrary.uz">REL-A-013951</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">QUALIFICATION OF CRIMES OF TORTURE AND OTHER CRUEL, INHUMAN OR DEGRADING TREATMENT</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="author">
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Haydarov</surname>
            <given-names>Jaloliddin</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-01-01">
        <day>01</day>
        <month>01</month>
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>3</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>88</fpage>
      <lpage>95</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0">
          <ali:license_ref>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://relibrary.uz/REL-A-013951/"/>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>The study provides, giving a detailed legal definition of the criminal structure of crimes of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, comparative and legal analysis of national and foreign legislation on liability for torture and related crimes with the usage of international conventions, qualification of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment. In addition, clear and detailed proposals have been put forward to improve the legislation, in particular the Criminal Code, through the study of international experience and norms of international law. A number of recommendations have been developed for a fundamental improvement in law enforcement practice, with an analytical and legal analysis of existing shortcomings in the legal system based on the results of data on cases of torture. With this topic it is clarified the composition of crimes related to torture and other illegal treatment or punishment. The subjective and objective sides of the crime and the basis of qualification, as well as its problems on qualifying the crime are clearly defined.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>torture</kwd>
        <kwd>cruel treatment</kwd>
        <kwd>inhuman treatment</kwd>
        <kwd>degrading treatment</kwd>
        <kwd>illegal psychological</kwd>
        <kwd>mental</kwd>
        <kwd>physical pressure</kwd>
        <kwd>unlawful physical or other coercion</kwd>
        <kwd>suspected</kwd>
        <kwd>law enforcement officer</kwd>
        <kwd>the corpus delicti</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <ref id="r1">
        <label>1</label>
        <mixed-citation>Рустамбаев М.Ҳ. Ўзбекистон Республикаси жиноят ҳуқуқи курси. Т.4. Махсус қисм. Иқтисодиёт соҳасидаги жиноятлар. Экология соҳасидаги жиноятлар. Ҳокимият, бошқарув ва жамоат бирлашмалари органларининг фаолият тартибига қарши жиноятлар. Дарслик. 2-нашр, тўлдирилган ва қайта ишланган – Т.: Ўзбекистон Республикаси Миллий гвардияси Ҳарбий-техник институти, 2018. – Б. 574.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r2">
        <label>2</label>
        <mixed-citation>Rustambayev M.X. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi jinoyat huquqi kursi. Tom 1. Jinoyat haqida ta’limot. Darslik. 2-nashr, to‘ldirilgan va qayta ishlangan – T.: O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Milliy gvardiyasi Harbiy-texnik instituti, 2018. – 441 bet</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r3">
        <label>3</label>
        <mixed-citation>Jinoyat huquqi. (Umumiy qism) Darslik. Mas’ul muharrir: yu.f.f.d (PhD) X.Ochilov – T.: Adolat nashriyoti, 2020. 264 b.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r4">
        <label>4</label>
        <mixed-citation>Х.А.Каримов. Қийноққа оид жиноятлар учун жавобгарлик: миллий ва хорижий тажриба: Ўқув қўлланма.–Т:.ТДЮУ. 2019. – Б. 150</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r5">
        <label>5</label>
        <mixed-citation>Беккария Ч. О преступлениях и наказаниях. – М. ИНФРА-М, 2011. – С. 183.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r6">
        <label>6</label>
        <mixed-citation>Гуценко К. Ф., Ковалев М.А. Правоохранительные органы. Учебник. – М.: «Зерцало», 2002. – С. 496.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r7">
        <label>7</label>
        <mixed-citation>Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. Adopted and opened for signature, ratification and accession by General Assembly resolution 39/46 of 10 December 1984. Entry into force 26 June 1987, in accordance with article 27 (1). Available at: https://www.un.org/ru/documents/decl_conv/conventions/torture.shtml</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r8">
        <label>8</label>
        <mixed-citation>The Universal Declaration of Human Rights on 10 December 1948 (General Assembly resolution 217 A). Available at: https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r9">
        <label>9</label>
        <mixed-citation>International Convention on Civil and Political Rights. Adopted and opened for signature, ratification and accession by General Assembly resolution 2200A (XXI) of 16 December 1966. Entry into force 23 March 1976, in accordance with Article 49. Available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/ccpr.aspx</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r10">
        <label>10</label>
        <mixed-citation>African Charter on Human and Civil Rights. Adopted in 1998. Available at: https://www.achpr.org/legalinstruments/detail?id =49#:~:text= The%20African%20Charter%20on%20Human,freedoms%20in%20the%20African%20continent.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r11">
        <label>11</label>
        <mixed-citation>American convention on human rights. Adopted at the Inter-American Specialized Conference on Human Rights, San José, Costa Rica, 22 November 1969)</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r12">
        <label>12</label>
        <mixed-citation>Convention for the Protection of Human Rights, Fundamental Freedoms. Rome, 4.XI.1950. Available at: https://www.echr.coe.int/documents/ convention_eng.pdf</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r13">
        <label>13</label>
        <mixed-citation>Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated September 22, 1994. Available at: https://lex.uz/docs/111453</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r14">
        <label>14</label>
        <mixed-citation>Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated September 22, 1994. Available at: https://lex.uz/docs/111460</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
</article>
