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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">research-focus</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Research Focus International Scientific Journal</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Research Focus</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub" publication-format="electronic">2181-3833</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Ilm-fan va innovatsiyalar akademiyasi</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.66073/researchfocus.v5i3.2359</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other" assigning-authority="relibrary.uz">REL-A-013486</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="oak">
          <subject>14.00.00</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="uz">QONNING SHAKLLI ELEMENTLARI</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
          <trans-title>FORMED ELEMENTS OF BLOOD</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>ФОРМЕННЫЕ ЭЛЕМЕНТЫ КРОВИ</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="author">
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>qizi</surname>
            <given-names>Salimova Sarvinoz Ulug‘bek</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Farmatsiya fakulteti, 101-guruh; Samarqand Davlat Tibbiyot Universiteti, Samarqand, O‘zbekiston; Ilmiy rahbar: Asatullayev Rustam Bahtiyarovich</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-05">
        <day>05</day>
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>5</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <fpage>138</fpage>
      <lpage>141</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
          <ali:license_ref>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref>
          <license-p>Ushbu asar Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International litsenziyasi asosida litsenziyalangan.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://relibrary.uz/REL-A-013486/"/>
      <abstract xml:lang="uz">
        <p>Qonning shaklli elementlarini o‘rganish XVII asrda, ya‘ni mikroskop paydo bo‘lgandan so‘ng boshlangan. Hozir biz uni chuqurroq o‘rganib chiqamiz. Qonning shaklli elementlari umumiy bir hujayradan hosil bo‘lgan deb hisoblanadi. Ular 3 ta katta guruhni o‘z ichiga oladi. Bu guruhlarga qizil qon tanachalari – eritrotsitlar, oq qon tanachalari – leykotsitlar va qon plastinkalari – trombotsitlar kiradi. Qonning barcha shaklli elementlari suyak ko‘migida umumiy polipotent va plyuropotent stvol (o‘zak) hujayralaridan hosil bo‘ladi. Hujayralarning kelib chiqishi bir xil bo‘lishiga qaramay, ular turli xil vazifalarni bajaradi. Organizmda faqat gemoglobin yetishmaganda emas, balki eritrotsitlar yetishmaganda ham kamqonlik (anemiya) kelib chiqadi. Leykotsitlar yetishmasligi tufayli leykopeniya kelib chiqadi va immunitet pasayadi. Trombotsitlar yetishmasa trombotsitopeniya yuzaga keladi va qon to‘xtamaydi.</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>The study of the formed elements of blood began in the 17th century, that is after the invention of the microscope. Now we will study them in more depth. It is believed that the formed elements of blood are formed from one common cell. They include 3 major groups. These groups include red blood cells – erythrocytes, white blood cells – leukocytes, and blood platelets – thrombocytes. All formed elements of blood are formed in the bone marrow from common polypotent and pluripotent stem cells. Although the origin of the cells is the same, they perform different functions. In the body, anemia occurs not only when hemoglobin is deficient but also when erythrocytes are deficient. A lack of leukocytes leads to leukopenia and decreased immunity. If thrombocytes are deficient, thrombocytopenia develops and bleeding does not stop.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Изучение форменных элементов крови началось в XVII веке, то есть после появления микроскопа. Сейчас мы рассмотрим их более глубоко. Считается, что форменные элементы крови образуются из одной общей клетки. Они включают 3 большие группы. К этим группам относятся красные кровяные клетки – эритроциты, белые кровяные клетки – лейкоциты и кровяные пластинки – тромбоциты. Все форменные элементы крови образуются в костном мозге из общих полипотентных и плюрипотентных стволовых клеток. Несмотря на одинаковое происхождение клеток, они выполняют различные функции. В организме малокровие (анемия) возникает не только при недостатке гемоглобина, но и при недостатке эритроцитов. Недостаток лейкоцитов приводит к лейкопении и снижению иммунитета. Недостаток тромбоцитов вызывает тромбоцитопению, и кровь не останавливается.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="uz">
        <kwd>XVII asr</kwd>
        <kwd>trombotsitlar</kwd>
        <kwd>leykotsitlar</kwd>
        <kwd>eritrotsitlar</kwd>
        <kwd>anemiya</kwd>
        <kwd>leykopeniya trombotsitopeniya</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>17th century</kwd>
        <kwd>thrombocytes</kwd>
        <kwd>leukocytes</kwd>
        <kwd>erythrocytes</kwd>
        <kwd>anemia</kwd>
        <kwd>leukopenia thrombocytopenia</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <kwd>XVII век</kwd>
        <kwd>тромбоциты</kwd>
        <kwd>лейкоциты</kwd>
        <kwd>эритроциты</kwd>
        <kwd>анемия лейкопения</kwd>
        <kwd>тромбоцитопения</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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</article>
