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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">research-focus</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Research Focus International Scientific Journal</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Research Focus</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub" publication-format="electronic">2181-3833</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Ilm-fan va innovatsiyalar akademiyasi</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.66073/researchfocus.v5i5.2290</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other" assigning-authority="relibrary.uz">REL-A-013420</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="oak">
          <subject>19.00.00</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">DEVELOPING MORAL SELF-AWARENESS IN ADOLESCENCE: A PROGRAM-BASED THEORETICAL MODEL</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>РАЗВИТИЕ НРАВСТВЕННОГО САМОСОЗНАНИЯ В ПОДРОСТКОВОМ ВОЗРАСТЕ: ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ НА ОСНОВЕ ПРОГРАММЫ</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="uz">
          <trans-title>O‘SMIRLIK DAVRIDA AXLOQIY O‘ZINI ANGLASHNI RIVOJLANTIRISH: DASTURGA ASOSLANGAN NAZARIY MODEL</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="author">
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Mamanazarov</surname>
            <given-names>Uchqun</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Oriental University, Doctor of Philosophy in Psychological Science (PhD)</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-05">
        <day>05</day>
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>5</volume>
      <issue>5</issue>
      <fpage>319</fpage>
      <lpage>323</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
          <ali:license_ref>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref>
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://relibrary.uz/REL-A-013420/"/>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>This article analyzes the development of moral self-awareness in adolescence and proposes a program-based theoretical model for its formation in educational and counselling contexts. Adolescence is a sensitive developmental stage in which self-evaluation, identity search, emotional instability, peer influence, and value testing become especially intensive. Under these conditions, moral development should be understood not as passive acceptance of rules but as the progressive formation of an inner ethical position. The paper conceptualizes moral self-awareness as a multicomponent construct that includes cognitive, emotional, reflective, communicative, and behavioral dimensions. Drawing on the author‘s publications and related CIS and international research, the article argues that effective developmental programs must combine self-reflection, ethical reasoning, empathy-building exercises, guided discussion, psychological support, and situation-based training. The article presents the structure of such a program, identifies the pedagogical and psychological conditions of its success, and explains why moral self-awareness should be cultivated through active participation rather than lecture-based moralization. The conclusion is that adolescence-oriented programs are most effective when they integrate moral dialogue, reflective techniques, group interaction, and individualized counselling support within a culturally meaningful educational environment [1; 2; 3; 4].</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>В статье анализируется развитие нравственного самосознания в подростковом возрасте и предлагается теоретическая модель, основанная на программе его формирования в образовательном и консультативном контекстах. Подростковый возраст является чувствительным этапом развития, на котором самооценка, поиск идентичности, эмоциональная нестабильность, влияние сверстников и проверка ценностей становятся особенно интенсивными. В этих условиях нравственное развитие следует понимать не как пассивное принятие правил, а как постепенное формирование внутренней этической позиции. В статье нравственное самосознание концептуализируется как многокомпонентный конструкт, включающий когнитивное, эмоциональное, рефлексивное, коммуникативное и поведенческое измерения. Опираясь на публикации автора, а также исследования стран СНГ и международные исследования, статья обосновывает, что эффективные развивающие программы должны сочетать саморефлексию, этическое рассуждение, упражнения по развитию эмпатии, направленную дискуссию, психологическую поддержку и ситуационное обучение. В статье представлена структура такой программы, определены педагогические и психологические условия ее успешности, а также объясняется, почему нравственное самосознание необходимо развивать через активное участие, а не посредством лекционной морализации. Сделан вывод, что программы, ориентированные на подростков, наиболее эффективны при интеграции нравственного диалога, рефлексивных техник, группового взаимодействия и индивидуализированной консультативной поддержки в культурно значимой образовательной среде [1; 2; 3; 4].</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="uz">
        <p>Ushbu maqolada o‘smirlik davrida axloqiy o‘zini anglashning rivojlanishi tahlil qilinadi va uni ta‘lim hamda maslahat berish kontekstlarida shakllantirish uchun dasturga asoslangan nazariy model taklif etiladi. O‘smirlik o‘z-o‘zini baholash, identifikatsiyani izlash, emotsional beqarorlik, tengdoshlar ta‘siri va qadriyatlarni sinovdan o‘tkazish ayniqsa kuchayadigan sezgir rivojlanish bosqichidir. Bunday sharoitda axloqiy rivojlanish qoidalarni passiv qabul qilish sifatida emas, balki ichki etik pozitsiyaning izchil shakllanishi sifatida tushunilishi kerak. Maqolada axloqiy o‘zini anglash kognitiv, emotsional, refleksiv, kommunikativ va xulq-atvor o‘lchamlarini o‘z ichiga oluvchi ko‘p komponentli konstrukt sifatida konseptuallashtiriladi. Muallifning nashrlari hamda MDH va xalqaro tadqiqotlarga tayangan holda, maqola samarali rivojlantiruvchi dasturlar o‘z-o‘zini refleksiya qilish, etik mulohaza yuritish, empatiyani shakllantiruvchi mashqlar, yo‘naltirilgan muhokama, psixologik qo‘llab-quvvatlash va vaziyatga asoslangan treningni uyg‘unlashtirishi zarurligini asoslaydi. Maqolada bunday dastur tuzilmasi, uning muvaffaqiyatini ta‘minlovchi pedagogik va psixologik shartlar hamda axloqiy o‘zini anglash ma‘ruza asosidagi axloqiylashtirish orqali emas, balki faol ishtirok orqali rivojlantirilishi zarurligi izohlanadi. Xulosa shuki, o‘smirlikka yo‘naltirilgan dasturlar axloqiy dialog, refleksiv texnikalar, guruhli o‘zaro ta‘sir va individuallashtirilgan maslahat yordamini madaniy jihatdan mazmunli ta‘lim muhitida integratsiya qilganda eng samarali bo‘ladi [1; 2; 3; 4].</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>adolescence</kwd>
        <kwd>moral self-awareness</kwd>
        <kwd>moral identity</kwd>
        <kwd>self-reflection</kwd>
        <kwd>empathy counselling</kwd>
        <kwd>educational program</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <kwd>подростковый возраст</kwd>
        <kwd>нравственное самосознание</kwd>
        <kwd>нравственная идентичность</kwd>
        <kwd>саморефлексия</kwd>
        <kwd>эмпатия</kwd>
        <kwd>консультирование</kwd>
        <kwd>образовательная программа</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="uz">
        <kwd>o‘smirlik</kwd>
        <kwd>axloqiy o‘zini anglash</kwd>
        <kwd>axloqiy identitet</kwd>
        <kwd>o‘z-o‘zini refleksiya qilish</kwd>
        <kwd>empatiya</kwd>
        <kwd>maslahat berish</kwd>
        <kwd>ta‘lim dasturi</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <back>
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        <label>1</label>
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  </back>
</article>
