<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD with MathML3 v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xml:lang="uz">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">research-focus</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Research Focus International Scientific Journal</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Research Focus</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub" publication-format="electronic">2181-3833</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Ilm-fan va innovatsiyalar akademiyasi</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.66073/researchfocus.v5i2.2075</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other" assigning-authority="relibrary.uz">REL-A-013362</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="oak">
          <subject>16.00.00</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="uz">KASALLANGAN BALIQLARNI TEKSHIRISH USULLARI</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
          <trans-title>METHODS OF EXAMINING DISEASED FISHES</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>МЕТОДЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ БОЛЬНЫХ РЫБ</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="author">
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>M.A.Jumanov</string-name>
          <aff>b.f.d., professor, Qoraqalpoq davlat universiteti</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Z.N.Mahammadiyev</string-name>
          <aff>b.f.f.d., v.b. dotsent, Iqtisodiyot va pedagogika universiteti Samarqand kampusi</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>M.I.Xushnazarova</string-name>
          <aff>magistrant, Samarqand davlat veterinariya meditsinasi, chorvachilik va biotexnologiyalar universiteti</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-05">
        <day>05</day>
        <month>03</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>5</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>285</fpage>
      <lpage>289</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
          <ali:license_ref>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref>
          <license-p>Ushbu asar Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International litsenziyasi asosida litsenziyalangan.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://relibrary.uz/REL-A-013362/"/>
      <abstract xml:lang="uz">
        <p>Mazkur maqolada baliqlarni organoleptik va gelmintologik tekshirish usullari batafsil yoritilgan. Tadqiqot jarayonida tashqi ko‘rik, jabra apparati, ko‘z, ichki a‘zolar, mushak to‘qimalari hamda markaziy nerv tizimini tekshirish metodlari qo‘llanildi. Parazitlarni aniqlashda kompressor usuli, mikroskopik kuzatuv va konservatsiya texnikalari tavsiflandi. Gelmintlarni aniqlash, sanash (ekstensivlik va intensivlik ko‘rsatkichlari), ularni fiksatsiya va saqlash qoidalari ilmiy asosda bayon etildi. Mazkur metodika baliqlarning parazitofaunasini aniqlash va epizootologik holatini baholashda muhim ahamiyatga ega.</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>This article describes in detail the organoleptic and helminthological methods of examining fishes. In the course of the study, the methods of external examination and of examination of the gill apparatus, the eyes, the internal organs, the muscle tissues and the central nervous system were applied. The compressor method, microscopic observation and preservation techniques used in the detection of parasites are described. The rules for identifying and counting helminths (indicators of extensity and intensity), as well as for their fixation and storage, are set out on a scientific basis. This methodology is of important significance in determining the parasitofauna of fishes and in assessing their epizootological situation.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>В статье подробно описаны органолептические и гельминтологические методы исследования рыб. В ходе исследования применялись методы внешнего осмотра, исследования жаберного аппарата, глаз, внутренних органов, мышечной ткани и центральной нервной системы. Описаны методы выявления паразитов с использованием компрессорного метода, микроскопического анализа и консервации. Представлены научно обоснованные подходы к определению, подсчету (экстенсивность и интенсивность заражения) и фиксации гельминтов. Данная методика имеет важное значение при изучении паразитофауны рыб и оценке эпизоотологической ситуации.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="uz">
        <kwd>baliq parazitlari</kwd>
        <kwd>gelmintlar</kwd>
        <kwd>trematodalar</kwd>
        <kwd>sestodalar</kwd>
        <kwd>nematodalar</kwd>
        <kwd>kompressor usuli</kwd>
        <kwd>intensivlik</kwd>
        <kwd>ekstensivlik</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>fish parasites</kwd>
        <kwd>helminths</kwd>
        <kwd>trematodes</kwd>
        <kwd>cestodes</kwd>
        <kwd>nematodes</kwd>
        <kwd>compressor method</kwd>
        <kwd>intensity</kwd>
        <kwd>extensity</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <kwd>паразиты рыб</kwd>
        <kwd>гельминты</kwd>
        <kwd>трематоды</kwd>
        <kwd>цестоды</kwd>
        <kwd>нематоды</kwd>
        <kwd>компрессорный метод</kwd>
        <kwd>интенсивность</kwd>
        <kwd>экстенсивность</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <ref id="r1">
        <label>1</label>
        <mixed-citation>Abdikarimova, M. K., Jumanov, M. A., Nurimov, B. J., Bekniyazova, D. B., &amp; Tleumuratov, S. A. (2024). «Orolbo ‘Yi» Milliy Tabiat Bog ‘Ida Olib Borilgan Bahorgi Va Yozgi Ornitologik Kuzatishlar. Actual problems and prospects of the study of the fauna, 1(01).</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r2">
        <label>2</label>
        <mixed-citation>Abdikarimova, M. K., &amp; Jumanov, M. A. (2024). «Orolbo ‘Yi» Milliy Tabiat Bog‘i Va Uning Atrofida Qish Mavsumida Olib Borilgan Ornitologik Kuzatishlar:«Orolbo‘yi» Milliy Tabiat Bog‘i Va Uning Atrofida Qish Mavsumida Olib Borilgan Ornitologik Kuzatishlar. Modern Problems And Prospects For Organizing A Healthy Lifestyle And Proper Nutrition, 1(01).</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r3">
        <label>3</label>
        <mixed-citation>Arepbaevich, J. M., Raximovich, R. R., &amp; Mustafo o’g’li, M. A. (2025, December). O‘zbekistonda ovchilikning o ‘tmishi va rivojlanishi. In Conferences (Vol. 1, No. 7, pp. 122-127).</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r4">
        <label>4</label>
        <mixed-citation>Bykhovskaya-Pavlovskaya I.E. (1962). Key to Parasites of Freshwater Fish of the USSR.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r5">
        <label>5</label>
        <mixed-citation>Bauer O.N. (1987). Opredelitel parazitov presnovodnykh ryb.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r6">
        <label>6</label>
        <mixed-citation>Dogel V.A. (1961). Parasitology of Fishes.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r7">
        <label>7</label>
        <mixed-citation>Ilhomovna, K. F. E. K. M., &amp; Ziyodulloevich, K. Z. (2023). Development of non-infectious bronchonecrosis in fish. Ethiopian International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 10(12), 465-468.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r8">
        <label>8</label>
        <mixed-citation>Ilhomovna, K. F. E. K. M., &amp; Ziyodulloyevich, M. O. I. K. Z. (2023). Prevention of fish asphysics measures. Ethiopian International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 10(12), 469-472.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r9">
        <label>9</label>
        <mixed-citation>Jumanov, M. A., Asenov, G. A., Bekbergenova, Z. O., &amp; Qoshanov, D. E. (2020). Qaraqalpaqstannıń haywanat dunyası. Nókis: Qaraqalpaqstan, 110-438.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r10">
        <label>10</label>
        <mixed-citation>Жуманов, М. А., Асенов, Г. А., &amp; Бекбергенова, З. О. (2020). Кошанов д. е. Коракалпогистоннинг х, айвонат олами.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r11">
        <label>11</label>
        <mixed-citation>Kabata Z. (1985). Parasites and Diseases of Fish Cultured in the Tropics.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r12">
        <label>12</label>
        <mixed-citation>Markevich A.P. (1951). Parazitofauna presnovodnykh ryb.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r13">
        <label>13</label>
        <mixed-citation>Xushnazarova, M. I. (2025). Baliqlar saprolegniozining kimyoprofilaktikasi. Research Focus, 4(9), 196-199.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r14">
        <label>14</label>
        <mixed-citation>Ya, A., &amp; Zhumanov, M. Arepbaev I. Okhotnichi ptitsy oz. Dautkul [Hunting Birds of the lake Dautkul]. Problemy ratsionalnogo ispolzovaniya i okhrana prirodnykh resursov Yuzhnogo Priaralya—Problems of Rational Use and Protection of Natural Resources in the South Aral Sea Region, 128.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r15">
        <label>15</label>
        <mixed-citation>Woo P.T.K. (2006). Fish Diseases and Disorders.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
</article>
