<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD with MathML3 v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xml:lang="uz">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">research-focus</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Research Focus International Scientific Journal</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Research Focus</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub" publication-format="electronic">2181-3833</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Ilm-fan va innovatsiyalar akademiyasi</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.66073/researchfocus.v4i12.1934</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other" assigning-authority="relibrary.uz">REL-A-013245</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="oak">
          <subject>14.00.00</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="uz">ENERGETIK ICHIMLIKLAR TARKIBIDAGI TAURIN VA KAFEINNING TISH KARIESI RIVOJLANISHIGA TA‘SIRI: STATISTIK TAHLIL ASOSIDA</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
          <trans-title>THE EFFECT OF TAURINE AND CAFFEINE IN ENERGY DRINKS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF DENTAL CARIES: BASED ON STATISTICAL ANALYSIS</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>ВЛИЯНИЕ ТАУРИНА И КОФЕИНА В СОСТАВЕ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИХ НАПИТКОВ НА РАЗВИТИЕ КАРИЕСА ЗУБОВ: НА ОСНОВЕ СТАТИСТИЧЕСКОГО АНАЛИЗА</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="author">
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Saloxidin Alavdinov Ziyovutdinovich</string-name>
          <aff>Central Asian Medical University xalqaro tibbiyot universiteti assistenti</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-01-05">
        <day>05</day>
        <month>01</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>4</volume>
      <issue>12</issue>
      <fpage>240</fpage>
      <lpage>246</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
          <ali:license_ref>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref>
          <license-p>Ushbu asar Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International litsenziyasi asosida litsenziyalangan.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://relibrary.uz/REL-A-013245/"/>
      <abstract xml:lang="uz">
        <p>Ushbu ilmiy maqola energetik ichimliklar iste‘molida, xususan, taurin va kafein tarkibli moddalar bilan bog‘liq tish kariesi rivojlanishiga biokimyoviy va epidemiologik bog‘liqliklarni o‘rganadi. Energetik ichimliklarning tarkibi, jumladan organik kislotalar, uglevod miqdori va pH xususiyatlari, ularning kariogen ta‘sirini tushunish uchun nazariy asos yaratadi. Tish kariesi ko‘p omilli kasallik sifatida ko‘rib chiqiladi va uning rivojlanishi mezon, mikroorganizmlar, substrat va vaqt o‘zaro ta‘siriga bog‘liq. Taurin va kafein og‘iz muhiti va tish yuzasiga ta‘siri, xususan, salivatsiya, emal demineralizatsiyasi va mikroblarning kislota ishlab chiqarish faoliyati bilan bog‘liq jihatlar tahlil qilinadi. Maqola turli ilmiy jurnallar va statistik hisobotlardan olingan ma‘lumotlarni sintez qiladi, bu ma‘lumotlar ichida turli populyatsiyalarda energetik ichimlik iste‘moli bilan karies ko‘rsatkichlari taqqoslanadi. Shuningdek, past pH va bioaktiv moddalar o‘rtasidagi o‘zaro ta‘sirlar tahlil qilinadi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, energetik ichimliklarning muntazam iste‘moli og‘izda kariogen muhitni hosil qiladi, shuningdek, ovqatlanish odatlari tish kariesi etiologiyasida muhim ahamiyatga ega ekanligini tasdiqlaydi. Kalit so‘lar: energetik ichimliklar, tish kariesi, taurin, kafein, kariogenlik, emal demineralizatsiyasi, og‘iz pH, bakteriya koloniyasi, uglevod, salivatsiya oqimi, epidemiologiya. THE EFFECT OF TAURINE AND CAFFEINE IN ENERGY DRINKS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF DENTAL CARIES: BASED ON STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Salokhidin Alavdinov Ziyovutdinovich Assistant Professor, Central Asian Medical University, Burhoniddin Marginoniy Street, 64, Fergana, Uzbekistan</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>This scientific article studies the biochemical and epidemiological links between the consumption of energy drinks, in particular substances containing taurine and caffeine, and the development of dental caries. The composition of energy drinks, including organic acids, carbohydrate content and pH characteristics, creates a theoretical basis for understanding their cariogenic effect. Dental caries is considered a multifactorial disease, and its development depends on the interaction of factors, microorganisms, substrate and time. The effects of taurine and caffeine on the oral environment and the tooth surface are analysed, in particular the aspects connected with salivation, enamel demineralisation and the acid-producing activity of microbes. The article synthesises data obtained from various scientific journals and statistical reports, in which energy drink consumption is compared with caries indicators in different populations. The interactions between low pH and bioactive substances are also analysed. The results show that regular consumption of energy drinks creates a cariogenic environment in the oral cavity and also confirm that dietary habits are of important significance in the etiology of dental caries.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>В данной научной статье изучаются биохимические и эпидемиологические взаимосвязи между потреблением энергетических напитков, в частности, содержащих таурин и кофеин, и развитием кариеса. Состав энергетических напитков, включая органические кислоты, содержание углеводов и характеристики pH, обеспечивает теоретическую основу для понимания их кариесогенного воздействия. Кариес считается многофакторным заболеванием, и его развитие зависит от взаимодействия факторов, микроорганизмов, субстрата и времени. Анализируется влияние таурина и кофеина на ротовую полость и поверхность зуба, в частности, на слюноотделение, деминерализацию эмали и кислотообразующую активность микроорганизмов. В статье обобщены данные из различных научных журналов и статистических отчетов, сравнивающие потребление энергетических напитков с показателями кариеса в разных популяциях. Также анализируется взаимодействие между низким pH и биологически активными веществами. Результаты показывают, что регулярное потребление энергетических напитков создает кариесогенную среду в полости рта, а также подтверждают, что пищевые привычки играют важную роль в этиологии кариеса.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="uz">
        <kwd>energetik ichimliklar</kwd>
        <kwd>tish kariesi</kwd>
        <kwd>taurin</kwd>
        <kwd>kafein</kwd>
        <kwd>kariogenlik</kwd>
        <kwd>emal demineralizatsiyasi</kwd>
        <kwd>og‘iz pH</kwd>
        <kwd>bakteriya koloniyasi</kwd>
        <kwd>uglevod</kwd>
        <kwd>salivatsiya oqimi</kwd>
        <kwd>epidemiologiya</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>energy drinks</kwd>
        <kwd>dental caries</kwd>
        <kwd>taurine</kwd>
        <kwd>caffeine</kwd>
        <kwd>cariogenicity</kwd>
        <kwd>enamel demineralization</kwd>
        <kwd>oral pH</kwd>
        <kwd>bacterial colony</kwd>
        <kwd>carbohydrate</kwd>
        <kwd>salivary flow</kwd>
        <kwd>epidemiology</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <kwd>энергетические напитки</kwd>
        <kwd>кариес</kwd>
        <kwd>таурин</kwd>
        <kwd>кофеин</kwd>
        <kwd>кариесогенность</kwd>
        <kwd>деминерализация эмали</kwd>
        <kwd>pH полости рта</kwd>
        <kwd>бактериальная колония</kwd>
        <kwd>углеводы</kwd>
        <kwd>слюноотделение</kwd>
        <kwd>эпидемиология</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <ref id="r1">
        <label>1</label>
        <mixed-citation>Bowen, W. H., &amp; Koo, H. (2011). Biology of Streptococcus mutans‑derived glucosyltransferases: Role in extracellular matrix formation of cariogenic biofilms. Caries Research, 45(1), 69–86.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r2">
        <label>2</label>
        <mixed-citation>Featherstone, J. D. B. (2004). The continuum of dental caries—Evidence for a dynamic disease process. Journal of Dental Research, 83(C), C39–C42.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r3">
        <label>3</label>
        <mixed-citation>Zero, D. T. (1999). Dental caries process. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 43(1), 219–229.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r4">
        <label>4</label>
        <mixed-citation>Mujdeci, A., &amp; Bağış, B. (2014). Effects of energy drinks on enamel erosion. Journal of Oral Science, 56(2), 85–91.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r5">
        <label>5</label>
        <mixed-citation>Edgar, W. M., Higham, S. M., &amp; Manning, R. (1998). The role of saliva in caries models. Caries Research, 32(3), 189–195.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r6">
        <label>6</label>
        <mixed-citation>Harris, R., Nicoll, A. D., Adair, P. M., &amp; Pine, C. M. (2004). Risk factors for dental caries in young children: A systematic review. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 32(1), 3–15.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r7">
        <label>7</label>
        <mixed-citation>Touger‑Decker, R., &amp; van Loveren, C. (2003). Sugars and dental caries. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 78(4), 881S–892S.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r8">
        <label>8</label>
        <mixed-citation>ten Cate, J. M. (2008). Cariology: The core and its niche. Caries Research, 42(4), 275–279.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r9">
        <label>9</label>
        <mixed-citation>Tellez, M., &amp; Gomez, J. (2012). The impact of tooth erosion and dental caries. Journal of the American Dental Association, 143(5), 540–545.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r10">
        <label>10</label>
        <mixed-citation>Hara, A. T., &amp; Zero, D. T. (2010). The potential of saliva in protecting against dental erosion. Monographs in Oral Science, 20, 197–205.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r11">
        <label>11</label>
        <mixed-citation>Johansson, A., Lif Holgerson, P., Kressin, N. R., &amp; Tanner, A. C. R. (2010). pH and microbial profiles of saliva in early childhood caries. Pediatric Dentistry, 32(3), 201–209.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r12">
        <label>12</label>
        <mixed-citation>Touger‑Decker, R., &amp; Mobley, C. (2013). Salivary effects of caffeine. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 40(2), 122–130.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r13">
        <label>13</label>
        <mixed-citation>Dussan, K., &amp; Tenuta, L. M. A. (2014). Erosive potential of energy drinks. Journal of Oral Science, 56(4), 323–327.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r14">
        <label>14</label>
        <mixed-citation>Van Loveren, C. (2004). Sugar and dental caries: A review of intervention studies. Caries Research, 38(3), 173–180.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r15">
        <label>15</label>
        <mixed-citation>Amaechi, B. T. (2009). Cariology research and practice: An overview. Journal of Dental Research, 88(Spec Iss A), 1–5.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r16">
        <label>16</label>
        <mixed-citation>Moynihan, P. (2005). The role of diet and nutrition in caries prevention. International Dental Journal, 55(Suppl 1), 285–297.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r17">
        <label>17</label>
        <mixed-citation>Touger‑Decker, R., &amp; van Loveren, C. (2009). Does low pH contribute to enamel erosion? Journal of Dentistry, 37(1), 7–12.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r18">
        <label>18</label>
        <mixed-citation>World Health Organization. (2013). Oral health surveys: Basic methods (5th ed.). WHO Press.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r19">
        <label>19</label>
        <mixed-citation>Harris, R., et al. (2016). Sugar-sweetened beverages and caries risk. Caries Research, 50(1), 1–8.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r20">
        <label>20</label>
        <mixed-citation>Lynch, R. J. M., &amp; Ten Cate, J. M. (2006). The role of calcium in enamel erosion and remineralization. Caries Research, 40(Suppl 1), 16–23.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r21">
        <label>21</label>
        <mixed-citation>Ergashev, B. (2025). Sirkon dioksid qoplamalari va materialining klinik laborator ahamiyati. Journal of Uzbekistan’s Development and Research (JUDR), 1(1), 627–632.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r22">
        <label>22</label>
        <mixed-citation>Ergashev, B. (2025). Gingivitning bakteriologik etiologiyasi va profilaktikasi. In International Scientific Conference &quot;Innovative Trends in Science, Practise and Education&quot;, 1(1), 122–128.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r23">
        <label>23</label>
        <mixed-citation>Ergashev, B. (2025). Bemorlar psixologiyasi va muloqot ko‘nikmalari. Modern Science and Research, 4(2), 151–156.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r24">
        <label>24</label>
        <mixed-citation>Ergashev, B. (2025). Pulpitning etiologiyasi, patogenezi, morfologiyasi va klinik simptomlari. Modern Science and Research, 4(3), 829–838.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r25">
        <label>25</label>
        <mixed-citation>Ergashev, B. (2025). Stomatologiyada tish kariesi: Etiologiyasi, diagnostika va davolash usullari. Modern Science and Research, 4(3), 821–828.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
</article>
