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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">research-focus</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Research Focus International Scientific Journal</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Research Focus</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub" publication-format="electronic">2181-3833</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Ilm-fan va innovatsiyalar akademiyasi</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.66073/researchfocus.v4i12.1931</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other" assigning-authority="relibrary.uz">REL-A-013242</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="oak">
          <subject>14.00.00</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="uz">REPRODUKTIV YOSHDAGI ERKAKLARDA VARIKOTSELE BILAN BOG‘LIQ OKSIDATIV STRESS VA FERTILITET KO‘RSATKICHLARI</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
          <trans-title>OXIDATIVE STRESS AND FERTILITY INDICATORS ASSOCIATED WITH VARICOCELE IN MEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>ОКИСЛИТЕЛЬНЫЙ СТРЕСС И ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ФЕРТИЛЬНОСТИ, СВЯЗАННЫЕ С ВАРИКОЦЕЛЕ, У МУЖЧИН РЕПРОДУКТИВНОГО ВОЗРАСТА</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="author">
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Muhammadqodir Arabboyev Dilshod o‘g‘li</string-name>
          <aff>Central Asian Medical University xalqaro tibbiyot universiteti</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Dilmurod Egamberdiyev Kamolitdinovich</string-name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-01-05">
        <day>05</day>
        <month>01</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>4</volume>
      <issue>12</issue>
      <fpage>219</fpage>
      <lpage>225</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
          <ali:license_ref>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref>
          <license-p>Ushbu asar Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International litsenziyasi asosida litsenziyalangan.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://relibrary.uz/REL-A-013242/"/>
      <abstract xml:lang="uz">
        <p>Varikotsele — reproduktiv yoshdagi erkaklarda keng tarqalgan venoz anatomik anomaliya bo‘lib, u spermatogenezi buzilishiga va infertilitet xavfining ortishiga sabab bo‘ladi. Ushbu patologiya pampiniform pleksus va testikulyar venalarning kengayishi bilan tavsiflanadi. Oksidativ stress varikotsele bilan bog‘liq asosiy patofiziologik mexanizmlardan biri hisoblanadi. Aktiv kislorod turlarining (ROS) ortiqcha hosil bo‘lishi va antioksidant tizimning etarli darajada ishlamasligi spermatozoidlarning membrana va DNK strukturasi zararlanishiga olib keladi. Lipid peroksidlanish, protein oksidlanishi va genetik materialning shikastlanishi spermatozoidlar soni, harakatchanligi va morfologiyasining pasayishiga olib keladi. Molekulyar darajada Oksidativ stress - Leydig hujayralarini shikastlaydi, testosteron biosintezini pasaytiradi va testikulyar gipoksiya sharoitida spermatogenezni buzadi. Ushbu maqola varikotsele, oksidativ stress va fertilitet ko‘rsatkichlari o‘rtasidagi ilmiy asoslangan bog‘liqlikni tavsiflaydi. Kalit so‘lar: varikotsele, oksidativ stress, aktiv kislorod turlari, spermatogenez, spermatozoid DNK shikastlanishi, lipid peroksidlanish, antioksidantlar. ОКИСЛИТЕЛЬНЫЙ СТРЕСС И ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ФЕРТИЛЬНОСТИ, СВЯЗАННЫЕ С ВАРИКОЦЕЛЕ У МУЖЧИН РЕПРОДУКТИВНОГО ВОЗРАСТА</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Varicocele is a widespread venous anatomical anomaly in men of reproductive age which leads to impaired spermatogenesis and an increased risk of infertility. This pathology is characterised by dilatation of the pampiniform plexus and the testicular veins. Oxidative stress is considered one of the main pathophysiological mechanisms associated with varicocele. Excessive formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and insufficiently effective functioning of the antioxidant system lead to damage to the membrane and DNA structure of spermatozoa. Lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and damage to genetic material result in a decrease in the number, motility and normal morphology of spermatozoa. At the molecular level, oxidative stress damages Leydig cells, reduces testosterone biosynthesis and disrupts spermatogenesis under conditions of testicular hypoxia. This article describes the scientifically substantiated relationships between varicocele, oxidative stress and fertility indicators.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Варикоцеле — это широко распространенная венозная анатомическая аномалия у мужчин репродуктивного возраста, которая может приводить к нарушению сперматогенеза и повышению риска бесплодия. Эта патология характеризуется расширением вен пучка лозовидного сплетения и семенных вен. Оксидативный стресс считается одним из основных патофизиологических механизмов, связанных с варикоцеле. Избыточное образование реактивных форм кислорода (ROS) и недостаточно эффективная работа антиоксидантной системы приводят к повреждению мембраны и структуры ДНК сперматозоидов. Липидная пероксидация, окисление белков и повреждение генетического материала ведут к снижению количества, подвижности и нормальной морфологии сперматозоидов. На молекулярном уровне оксидативный стресс повреждает клетки Лейдига, снижает биосинтез тестостерона и нарушает сперматогенез в условиях гипоксии яичек. Эта статья описывает научно обоснованные взаимосвязи между варикоцеле, оксидативным стрессом и показателями фертильности.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="uz">
        <kwd>varikotsele</kwd>
        <kwd>oksidativ stress</kwd>
        <kwd>aktiv kislorod turlari</kwd>
        <kwd>spermatogenez</kwd>
        <kwd>spermatozoid DNK shikastlanishi</kwd>
        <kwd>lipid peroksidlanish</kwd>
        <kwd>antioksidantlar</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>varicocele</kwd>
        <kwd>oxidative stress</kwd>
        <kwd>reactive oxygen species</kwd>
        <kwd>spermatogenesis</kwd>
        <kwd>sperm DNA damage</kwd>
        <kwd>lipid peroxidation</kwd>
        <kwd>antioxidants</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <kwd>варикоцеле</kwd>
        <kwd>окислительный стресс</kwd>
        <kwd>активные формы кислорода</kwd>
        <kwd>сперматогенез</kwd>
        <kwd>повреждение ДНК сперматозоидов</kwd>
        <kwd>перекисное окисление липидов</kwd>
        <kwd>антиоксиданты</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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