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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">research-focus</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Research Focus International Scientific Journal</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Research Focus</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub" publication-format="electronic">2181-3833</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Ilm-fan va innovatsiyalar akademiyasi</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.66073/researchfocus.v4i11.1858</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other" assigning-authority="relibrary.uz">REL-A-013174</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="oak">
          <subject>14.00.00</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">OUTCOMES OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF DRUG RESISTANT EPILEPSY</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ХИРУРГИЧЕСКОГО ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ФАРМАКОРЕЗИСТЕНТНОЙ ЭПИЛЕПСИИ</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="uz">
          <trans-title>DORIGA CHIDAMLI EPILEPSIYANI JARROHLIK YO‘LI BILAN DAVOLASH NATIJALARI</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="author">
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Abduvoyitov Bobur Bahodirovich</string-name>
          <aff>The Specialized Scientific fnd Practical Center for Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation at SamSMU</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-05">
        <day>05</day>
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>4</volume>
      <issue>11</issue>
      <fpage>207</fpage>
      <lpage>213</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
          <ali:license_ref>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref>
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://relibrary.uz/REL-A-013174/"/>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Background. Pharmacoresistant epilepsy (PRE) remains one of the most challenging neurological conditions, often unresponsive to pharmacological therapy. Surgical intervention is considered the most effective treatment option for selected patients.</p>
        <p>Objective. This article summarizes current approaches and outcomes of surgical treatment for PRE, highlighting prognostic factors, surgical techniques, neuropsychological outcomes, and quality of life (QoL) considerations.</p>
        <p>Methods. A review of contemporary literature was conducted, analyzing prospective and retrospective studies, meta-analyses, and clinical trials evaluating outcomes after anterior temporal lobectomy with amygdalohippocampectomy (ATL+AH), selective amygdalohippocampectomy (SAH), and minimally invasive techniques, including MRI-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MgLiTT), stereoelectroencephalography-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation (SEEG-guided RFTC), and neuromodulation procedures (vagus nerve stimulation, deep brain stimulation, and responsive neurostimulation). Favorable surgical outcomes are strongly associated with concordant neuroimaging and EEG findings, as well as the extent of resection of the epileptogenic zone. ATL+AH remains the gold standard, demonstrating seizure freedom in up to 70–80% of patients, while SAH offers comparable seizure control with improved preservation of neurocognitive functions. Minimally invasive techniques and neuromodulation provide alternative options for patients with multifocal or surgically inaccessible lesions. Neuropsychological assessments indicate that surgery can halt cognitive decline associated with ongoing seizures and improve QoL, although risks of postoperative deficits remain, particularly with left-sided resections. Multiple studies confirm significant postoperative improvement in QoL scores (QOLIE-31), especially in seizure-free patients.</p>
        <p>Conclusion. Surgical treatment of PRE is superior to long-term pharmacotherapy in carefully selected patients, providing seizure freedom, stabilization of cognitive functions, and improved QoL. Early identification of pharmacoresistance and timely surgical referral are crucial for optimizing long-term outcomes.</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Актуальность. Фармакорезистентная эпилепсия (ФРЭ) остаётся одной из наиболее сложных неврологических проблем, часто не поддающихся медикаментозной терапии. / Хирургическое вмешательство считается наиболее эффективным методом лечения у тщательно отобранных пациентов. Цель. В статье представлены современные подходы и результаты хирургического лечения ФРЭ с акцентом на прогностические факторы, х ирургические техники, нейропсихологические исходы и качество жизни (КЖ). Методы. Проведён обзор современной литературы, включающий проспективные и ретроспективные исследования, метаанализы и клинические испытания, оценивающие результаты после передней височной лобэктомии с амигдалогиппокампэктомией (ПВЛЭ+АМГЛЭ), селективной амигдалогиппокампэктомии (САГЭ), а также малоинвазивных методик, включая лазерную интерстициальную термотерапию под контролем МРТ (MgLiTT), радиочастотную термокоагуляцию под контролем стерео-ЭЭГ (SEEG-RFTC) и методы нейростимуляции (стимуляция блуждающего нерва, глубокая стимуляция мозга, адаптивная стимуляция). Благоприятные хирургические исходы тесно связаны с согласованностью данных нейровизуализации и ЭЭГ, а также с объёмом резекции эпилептогенной зоны. ПВЛЭ+АМГЛЭ остаётся «золотым стандартом», обеспечивая свободу от приступов у 70–80% пациентов, тогда как САГЭ демонстрирует сопоставимые результаты при лучшем сохранении когнитивных функций. Малоинвазивные методы и нейростимуляция расширяют возможности лечения пациентов с многоочаговыми или труднодоступными для резекции формами. Нейропсихологические исследования подтверждают, что хирургия может остановить когнитивный спад, связанный с резистентной эпилепсией, и улучшить КЖ, хотя сохраняются риски послеоперационных нарушений, особенно при левосторонних вмешательствах. Многочисленные исследования подтверждают значительное улучшение КЖ по шкале QOLIE-31, особенно у пациентов, достигших свободы от приступов. Заключение. Хирургическое лечение ФРЭ превосходит длительную медикаментозную терапию у тщательно отобранных пациентов, обеспечивая контроль приступов, стабилизацию когнитивных функций и повышение качества жизни. Раннее выявление фармакорезистентности и своевременное направление на хирургическое лечение имеют решающее значение для оптимизации долгосрочных результатов.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="uz">
        <p>Dolzarbligi. Farmakorezistent epilepsiya (FRE) ko‘pincha dori vositalariga javob bermaydigan eng murakkab nevrologik kasalliklardan biridir. Jarrohlik aralashuvi tanlab olingan bemorlar uchun eng samarali davolash usuli hisoblanadi. Maqsad. Ushbu maqolada FREni jarrohlik davolashning zamonaviy yondashuvlari va natijalari umumlashtiriladi, prognoz omillari, jarrohlik usullari, neyropsixologik ko‘rsatkichlar va hayot sifatiga (HQ) ta‘siri yoritiladi. / Usullar. Zamonaviy adabiyotlarga sharh berildi, unda prospektiv va retrospektiv tadqiqotlar, meta-tahlillar va klinik sinovlar o‘rganildi. Tadqiqotlar oldingi chakka lobektomiyasi va amigdalo-gippokampektomiya (ATL+AH), selektiv amigdalo-gippokampektomiya (SAH), shuningdek, kam invaziv usullar — MRT nazorati ostida lazerli interstitsial termoterapiya (MgLiTT), stereo-EEG nazorati ostida radiochastotali termokoagulyatsiya (SEEG-RFTC) va neyrostimulyatsiya usullari (vagus nervini stimulyatsiya qilish, miya chuqur stimulyatsiyasi, adaptiv stimulyatsiya) natijalari baholandi. Ijobiy jarrohlik natijalari neyrovizualizatsiya va EEG ma‘lumotlarining mosligi, shuningdek epileptogen zonaning yetarli rezektsiyasi bilan chambarchas bog‘liq. ATL+AH «oltin standart» bo‘lib qolmoqda va bemorlarning 70–80%ida tutqanoqsiz hayotni ta‘minlaydi. SAH esa shunga yaqin natijalarni ko‘rsatadi, lekin kognitiv funksiyalarni yaxshiroq saqlab qoladi. Kam invaziv usullar va neyrostimulyatsiya ko‘p o‘choqli yoki jarrohlik jihatdan xavfli joylashgan o‘choqlarga ega bemorlar uchun qo‘shimcha imkoniyatlar beradi. Neyropsixologik tadqiqotlar jarrohlik amaliyoti kognitiv pasayishni to‘xtatishi va HQni yaxshilashi mumkinligini ko‘rsatadi, biroq chap tomonlama operatsiyalardan keyin qo‘shimcha buzilishlar xavfi saqlanib qoladi. Ko‘plab tadqiqotlar, ayniqsa tutqanoqdan xoli bo‘lgan bemorlarda, QOLIE-31 shkalasi bo‘yicha HQ ko‘rsatkichlarining sezilarli yaxshilanishini tasdiqlaydi. Xulosa. FREni jarrohlik davolash tanlab olingan bemorlarda uzoq muddatli farmakoterapiyadan ustun bo‘lib, tutqanoqlarni nazorat qilish, kognitiv funksiyalarni barqarorlashtirish va hayot sifatini oshirish imkonini beradi. Farmakorezistentlikni erta aniqlash va bemorlarni vaqtida jarrohlikka yo‘naltirish uzoq muddatli natijalarni optimallashtirish uchun hal qiluvchi ahamiyatga ega.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Pharmacoresistant epilepsy</kwd>
        <kwd>Epilepsy surgery</kwd>
        <kwd>Anterior temporal lobectomy</kwd>
        <kwd>Selective amygdalohippocampectomy</kwd>
        <kwd>Laser interstitial thermal therapy</kwd>
        <kwd>Neuromodulation</kwd>
        <kwd>Cognitive outcomes</kwd>
        <kwd>Quality of life</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <kwd>фармакорезистентная эпилепсия</kwd>
        <kwd>хирургия эпилепсии</kwd>
        <kwd>передняя височная лобэктомия</kwd>
        <kwd>селективная амигдалогиппокампэктомия</kwd>
        <kwd>лазерная интерстициальная термотерапия</kwd>
        <kwd>нейростимуляция</kwd>
        <kwd>когнитивные исходы</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="uz">
        <kwd>farmakorezistent epilepsiya</kwd>
        <kwd>epilepsiya jarrohligi</kwd>
        <kwd>oldingi chakka lobektomiyasi</kwd>
        <kwd>selektiv amigdalo-gippokampektomiya</kwd>
        <kwd>lazer interstitsial termoterapiya</kwd>
        <kwd>neyrostimulyatsiya</kwd>
        <kwd>kognitiv natijalar</kwd>
        <kwd>hayot sifati</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <back>
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