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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">research-focus</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Research Focus International Scientific Journal</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Research Focus</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub" publication-format="electronic">2181-3833</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Ilm-fan va innovatsiyalar akademiyasi</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.66073/researchfocus.v3i10.1107</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other" assigning-authority="relibrary.uz">REL-A-012611</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="oak">
          <subject>13.00.00</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF DISCUS THROWING IN FEMALE ATHLETES: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>БИОМЕХАНИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ МЕТАНИЯ ДИСКА У СПОРТСМЕНОК: КОМПЛЕКСНЫЙ ОБЗОР</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="uz">
          <trans-title>AYOL SPORTCHILARDA DISK ULOQTIRISHNING BIOMEXANIK TAHLILI: KENG QAMROVLI SHARH</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="author">
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Yuldasheva Kamola Alimjanovna</string-name>
          <aff>Uzbekistan State University of Physical Education and Sports, Uzbekistan, Chirchik</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-11-05">
        <day>05</day>
        <month>11</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>3</volume>
      <issue>10</issue>
      <fpage>98</fpage>
      <lpage>102</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
          <ali:license_ref>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref>
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://relibrary.uz/REL-A-012611/"/>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Discus throwing, a pivotal event in track and field athletics, demands precise
          biomechanical execution to achieve optimal performance. This comprehensive review delves into
          the biomechanical intricacies of discus throwing with a specific focus on female athletes. By
          analyzing critical elements such as body posture, release technique, force generation, and energy
          transfer, the study aims to enhance the understanding of female-specific biomechanical factors
          influencing discus performance. Utilizing advanced motion capture technology and high-speed
          video analysis, this review uncovers key biomechanical determinants that impact the effectiveness
          of the throw.
          The review systematically examines the following aspects:
          Body Posture and Alignment: Assessing the influence of initial stance, wind-up mechanics,
          and body alignment on the throw‘s efficiency.
          Release Technique: Investigating the role of grip, release angle, arm extension, and wrist
          action in optimizing throw distance.
          Force Generation and Energy Transfer: Exploring the impact of leg drive, hip rotation, and
          core engagement on the transfer of force to the discus.
          Data from biomechanical studies involving female athletes across varying skill levels
          (novice, intermediate, and elite) are reviewed to highlight differences in performance metrics such
          as release speed, force, hip rotation, and energy transfer. The review integrates findings from highspeed cameras and 3D motion capture systems, providing a detailed analysis of how these factors
          correlate with performance outcomes.
          Key findings indicate that elite female discus throwers exhibit significantly higher release
          speeds, greater force generation, improved hip rotation, and more efficient energy transfer
          compared to novice and intermediate throwers. These differences underscore the importance of
          advanced technique, enhanced biomechanical coordination, and effective training regimens
          tailored to improve specific aspects of the throwing technique.</p>
        </abstract>
        <trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">
          <p>Метание диска, ключевой вид в лёгкой атлетике, требует точного биомеханического исполнения для достижения оптимального результата. Настоящий комплексный обзор посвящён биомеханическим тонкостям метания диска с особым вниманием к спортсменкам. Анализируя такие важнейшие элементы, как положение тела, техника выпуска снаряда, генерация усилия и передача энергии, исследование направлено на углубление понимания специфичных для женщин биомеханических факторов, влияющих на результат в метании диска. С использованием передовой технологии захвата движения и высокоскоростного видеоанализа обзор раскрывает ключевые биомеханические детерминанты, влияющие на эффективность броска. В обзоре последовательно рассматриваются следующие аспекты: положение и выравнивание тела - оценка влияния исходной стойки, механики замаха и выравнивания тела на эффективность броска; техника выпуска - изучение роли хвата, угла выпуска, разгибания руки и работы кисти в оптимизации дальности броска; генерация усилия и передача энергии - изучение влияния работы ног, вращения таза и включения мышц кора на передачу усилия диску. Рассмотрены данные биомеханических исследований с участием спортсменок разного уровня подготовки (начинающие, средний уровень и элита), что позволяет выявить различия в показателях результативности, таких как скорость выпуска, усилие, вращение таза и передача энергии. В обзоре объединены результаты, полученные с помощью высокоскоростных камер и систем трёхмерного захвата движения, что даёт подробный анализ того, как эти факторы соотносятся с результатами выступлений. Ключевые выводы показывают, что элитные метательницы диска демонстрируют значительно более высокую скорость выпуска, большую генерацию усилия, улучшенное вращение таза и более эффективную передачу энергии по сравнению с начинающими метательницами и метательницами среднего уровня. Эти различия подчёркивают важность совершенной техники, улучшенной биомеханической координации и эффективных тренировочных программ, направленных на совершенствование конкретных аспектов техники метания.</p>
        </trans-abstract>
        <trans-abstract xml:lang="uz">
          <p>Yengil atletikaning muhim turlaridan biri bo‘lgan disk uloqtirish optimal natijaga erishish uchun aniq biomexanik ijroni talab etadi. Ushbu keng qamrovli sharh disk uloqtirishning biomexanik nozikliklarini, xususan ayol sportchilarga alohida e‘tibor qaratgan holda o‘rganadi. Tananing holati, snaryadni uzish texnikasi, kuch hosil qilish va energiya uzatish kabi muhim elementlarni tahlil qilish orqali tadqiqot disk uloqtirish natijasiga ta‘sir qiluvchi ayollarga xos biomexanik omillar haqidagi tasavvurni kengaytirishni maqsad qilgan. Ilg‘or harakatni qayd etish texnologiyasi va yuqori tezlikdagi videotahlildan foydalangan holda ushbu sharh uloqtirish samaradorligiga ta‘sir qiluvchi asosiy biomexanik omillarni ochib beradi. Sharhda quyidagi jihatlar izchil ko‘rib chiqiladi: tananing holati va joylashuvi - dastlabki turish, zamah mexanikasi va tana joylashuvining uloqtirish samaradorligiga ta‘siri baholanadi; uzish texnikasi - ushlash, uzish burchagi, qo‘lning yozilishi va bilak harakatining uloqtirish masofasini optimallashtirishdagi o‘rni o‘rganiladi; kuch hosil qilish va energiya uzatish - oyoq kuchi, chanoq aylanishi va tana o‘zagi mushaklarining ishga solinishining diskka kuch uzatishga ta‘siri tadqiq etiladi. Turli tayyorgarlik darajasidagi (boshlang‘ich, o‘rta va elita) ayol sportchilar ishtirokidagi biomexanik tadqiqotlar ma‘lumotlari ko‘rib chiqilib, uzish tezligi, kuch, chanoq aylanishi va energiya uzatish kabi natijaviy ko‘rsatkichlardagi farqlar yoritiladi. Sharhda yuqori tezlikdagi kameralar va 3D harakatni qayd etish tizimlaridan olingan natijalar birlashtirilib, bu omillarning natija bilan qanday bog‘liqligi batafsil tahlil qilinadi. Asosiy xulosalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, elita darajasidagi ayol disk uloqtiruvchilar boshlang‘ich va o‘rta darajadagi uloqtiruvchilarga nisbatan sezilarli darajada yuqori uzish tezligi, kattaroq kuch hosil qilish, yaxshilangan chanoq aylanishi va samaraliroq energiya uzatishni namoyon etadi. Bu farqlar takomillashgan texnika, yuksak biomexanik muvofiqlik va uloqtirish texnikasining muayyan jihatlarini yaxshilashga qaratilgan samarali mashg‘ulot rejimlarining ahamiyatini ta‘kidlaydi.</p>
        </trans-abstract>
        <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
          <kwd>discus throwing</kwd>
          <kwd>biomechanics</kwd>
          <kwd>female athletes</kwd>
          <kwd>force generation</kwd>
          <kwd>technique optimization</kwd>
          <kwd>motion capture</kwd>
        </kwd-group>
        <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
          <kwd>метание диска</kwd>
          <kwd>биомеханика</kwd>
          <kwd>женщины-метатели диска</kwd>
          <kwd>создание силы</kwd>
          <kwd>оптимизация техники</kwd>
          <kwd>захват движения</kwd>
        </kwd-group>
        <kwd-group xml:lang="uz">
          <kwd>disk uloqtirish</kwd>
          <kwd>biomexanika</kwd>
          <kwd>ayol sportchilar</kwd>
          <kwd>kuch hosil qilish</kwd>
          <kwd>texnikani optimallashtirish</kwd>
          <kwd>harakatni qayd etish</kwd>
        </kwd-group>
      </article-meta>
    </front>
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