<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD with MathML3 v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xml:lang="en">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">research-focus</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Research Focus International Scientific Journal</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Research Focus</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub" publication-format="electronic">2181-3833</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Ilm-fan va innovatsiyalar akademiyasi</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.66073/researchfocus.v3i9.974</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other" assigning-authority="relibrary.uz">REL-A-012554</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="oak">
          <subject>07.00.00</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">GLAZING AND UNGLAZED POTTERY IN AFRASIYAB: A STUDY OF 7TH-12TH CENTURY TRANSOXANIAN CERAMICS</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>ГЛАЗУРОВАННАЯ И НЕГЛАЗУРОВАННАЯ КЕРАМИКА В АФРАСИАБЕ: ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ТРАНСОКСАНИЙСКОЙ КЕРАМИКИ VII-XII ВВ</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="uz">
          <trans-title>AFROSIYOBDA SIRLANGAN VA SIRLANMAGAN SOPOL BUYUMLAR: VII-XII ASRLAR MOVAROUNNAHR KERAMIKASI TADQIQI</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="author">
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Hamdamova Shoira</string-name>
          <aff>Researcher</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-10-05">
        <day>05</day>
        <month>10</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>3</volume>
      <issue>9</issue>
      <fpage>89</fpage>
      <lpage>92</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
          <ali:license_ref>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref>
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://relibrary.uz/REL-A-012554/"/>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>This research investigates the development of both glazed and unglazed pottery in Afrasiyab, one of the key cities in Transoxiana, from the 7th to the 12th centuries. The study analyzes the technological innovations, design motifs, and functional purposes of ceramics, exploring how local artisans adapted and evolved their craft in response to cultural, economic, and political influences. Using archaeological evidence and historical records, this research sheds light on the significance of pottery in the daily and ceremonial life of Afrasiyab, emphasizing its role in regional trade networks and cultural interactions. The findings offer a deeper understanding of how pottery reflected both the artistic heritage and the economic conditions of the time.</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Это исследование изучает развитие как глазурованной, так и неглазурованной керамики в Афрасиабе, одном из ключевых городов Трансоксианы, с VII по XII вв. Исследование анализирует технологические инновации, мотивы дизайна и функциональные цели керамики, исследуя, как местные ремесленники адаптировали и развивали свое ремесло в ответ на культурные, экономические и политические влияния. Используя археологические свидетельства и исторические записи, это исследование проливает свет на значение керамики в повседневной и церемониальной жизни Афрасиаба, подчеркивая ее роль в региональных торговых сетях и культурных взаимодействиях. Результаты предлагают более глубокое понимание того, как керамика отражала как художественное наследие, так и экономические условия того времени.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="uz">
        <p>Ushbu tadqiqotda Movarounnahrning muhim shaharlaridan biri bo‘lgan Afrosiyobda VII asrdan XII asrgacha sirlangan va sirlanmagan sopol buyumlarning rivojlanishi o‘rganiladi. Tadqiqotda keramikaning texnologik yangiliklari, bezak motivlari va funksional maqsadlari tahlil qilinib, mahalliy hunarmandlar madaniy, iqtisodiy va siyosiy ta‘sirlarga javoban o‘z hunarini qanday moslashtirgani va rivojlantirgani ochib beriladi. Arxeologik dalillar va tarixiy manbalardan foydalangan holda ushbu tadqiqot sopol buyumlarning Afrosiyobning kundalik va marosim hayotidagi ahamiyatini yoritib, uning mintaqaviy savdo tarmoqlari va madaniy o‘zaro aloqalardagi o‘rnini ta‘kidlaydi. Olingan natijalar keramika o‘sha davrning badiiy merosini ham, iqtisodiy sharoitlarini ham qanday aks ettirganini chuqurroq tushunish imkonini beradi.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Afrasiyab</kwd>
        <kwd>Transoxiana</kwd>
        <kwd>glazed pottery</kwd>
        <kwd>unglazed pottery</kwd>
        <kwd>ceramics</kwd>
        <kwd>7th-12th century</kwd>
        <kwd>pottery techniques</kwd>
        <kwd>trade networks</kwd>
        <kwd>cultural heritage</kwd>
        <kwd>archaeological study</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <kwd>Афрасиаб</kwd>
        <kwd>Трансоксания</kwd>
        <kwd>поливная керамика</kwd>
        <kwd>неполивная керамика</kwd>
        <kwd>керамика</kwd>
        <kwd>VII-XII вв</kwd>
        <kwd>гончарные технологии</kwd>
        <kwd>торговые сети</kwd>
        <kwd>культурное наследие</kwd>
        <kwd>археологические исследования</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="uz">
        <kwd>Afrosiyob</kwd>
        <kwd>Movarounnahr</kwd>
        <kwd>sirlangan sopol buyumlar</kwd>
        <kwd>sirlanmagan sopol buyumlar</kwd>
        <kwd>keramika</kwd>
        <kwd>VII-XII asrlar</kwd>
        <kwd>kulolchilik texnikasi</kwd>
        <kwd>savdo tarmoqlari</kwd>
        <kwd>madaniy meros</kwd>
        <kwd>arxeologik tadqiqot</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <ref id="r1">
        <label>1</label>
        <mixed-citation>Grube, E. J. (1965). Slip Painting in Nishapur. *Bulletin of the Museum of Fine Arts*, 209-</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r2">
        <label>2</label>
        <mixed-citation>Bloom, J., &amp; Blair, S. (2009). Islamic Arts. Phaidon Press.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r3">
        <label>3</label>
        <mixed-citation>Bosworth, C. E. (2017). The History of the Seljuq Turks: From the Jami&apos; Al-Tawarikh. Curzon Press.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r4">
        <label>4</label>
        <mixed-citation>Fehérvári, G. (1973). Islamic Pottery: A Comprehensive Study Based on the Barlow Collection. Faber &amp; Faber.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r5">
        <label>5</label>
        <mixed-citation>Henderson, J. (2013). Ancient Glass: An Interdisciplinary Exploration. Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r6">
        <label>6</label>
        <mixed-citation>Jenkins, M. (1983). &quot;Medieval Islamic Pottery: The Archaeological Evidence.&quot; In The Metropolitan Museum Journal, 18, 45–75.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r7">
        <label>7</label>
        <mixed-citation>Kawatoko, M. (2016). &quot;Ceramic Production and Trade in Early Islamic Central Asia.&quot; In Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 79(3), 455–478.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r8">
        <label>8</label>
        <mixed-citation>Lurje, P. (2010). &quot;Afrasiyab and the Sogdian Civilization.&quot; In B. Genito (Ed.), Samarkand and Central Asia: History and Material Culture. Napoli.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r9">
        <label>9</label>
        <mixed-citation>Pugachenkova, G. A. (1971). Sogdian Art and Archaeology: Pottery and Architecture. Nauka Publishing House.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="r10">
        <label>10</label>
        <mixed-citation>Whitehouse, D. (1972). &quot;Islamic Glazed Pottery in Central Asia.&quot; In Journal of Central Asian Studies, 4(2), 15–37.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
</article>
