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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">research-focus</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Research Focus International Scientific Journal</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Research Focus</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub" publication-format="electronic">2181-3833</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Ilm-fan va innovatsiyalar akademiyasi</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.66073/researchfocus.v2i9.459</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other" assigning-authority="relibrary.uz">REL-A-010722</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THYMUS GLAND IN YOUNG CHILDREN</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ВИЛОЧКОВОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ У ДЕТЕЙ РАННЕГО ВОЗРАСТА</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="uz">
          <trans-title>ERTA YOSHDAGI BOLALARDA AYRISIMON BEZNING MORFOLOGIK TAVSIFI</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="author">
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Korjavov Sherali Oblakulovich</string-name>
          <aff>Samarkand State Medical University, Republic of Uzbekistan, Samarkand</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Ismoilov Ortik Ismoilovich</string-name>
          <aff>Samarkand State Medical University, Republic of Uzbekistan, Samarkand</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Otamurodova Khurshidabonu Bakhtiyorovna</string-name>
          <aff>Samarkand State Medical University, Republic of Uzbekistan, Samarkand</aff>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-10-05">
        <day>05</day>
        <month>10</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>2</volume>
      <issue>9</issue>
      <fpage>99</fpage>
      <lpage>103</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
          <ali:license_ref>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref>
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://relibrary.uz/REL-A-010722/"/>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Today, one of the most important problems for researchers is the study of the morphology, physiology and pathology of the immune system, which is primarily associated with the demands of clinical medicine, given that new environmental, social and other factors have begun to significantly influence the human body. The thymus gland is the central organ of immunogenesis and the endocrine gland. The structure (macro-microscopic picture) of the thymus was studied on 31 corpses of newborn children. We used anatomical methods (preparation, measurement) and histological methods (histological stain). In the darker, cortical zone, the cells are located very densely, their number is much greater than in the center of the cerebral zone. In the thickness of the medulla, there are single Gassal‘s bodies, blood capillaries, and lymph gaps. The cortical layer consists of lymphoid elements, very densely located, with mitoses in individual cells. The thymus gland has a delicate thin connective tissue capsule, consisting mainly of elastic fibers, collagen fibers are revealed among the fibers, collagen fibers and interlobular septa are well developed in newborns.</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Сегодня одной из важнейших проблем для исследователей является изучение морфологии, физиологии и патологии иммунной системы, что связано, прежде всего, с запросами клинической медицины, учитывая, что новые экологические, социальные и другие факторы начали существенно влиять на Тело человека. Вилочковая железа является центральным органом иммуногенеза и железой внутренней секреции. Строение (макро-микроскопическая картина) тимуса изучено на 31 трупе новорожденных детей. Использовали анатомические методы (препарирование, измерение) и гистологические методы (гистологическое окрашивание). В более темной, корковой зоне клетки расположены очень густо, их число значительно больше, чем в центре мозговой зоны. В толще мозгового вещества имеются единичные тельца Гассаля, кровеносные капилляры и лимфатические щели. Корковый слой состоит из лимфоидных элементов, очень плотно расположенных, с митозами в отдельных клетках. Вилочковая железа имеет нежную тонкую соединительнотканную капсулу, состоящую преимущественно из эластических волокон, среди волокон выявляются коллагеновые волокна, у новорожденных хорошо развиты коллагеновые волокна и междольковые перегородки.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="uz">
        <p>Bugungi kunda tadqiqotchilar uchun eng muhim muammolardan biri immunitet tizimining morfologiyasi, fiziologiyasi va patologiyasini o‘rganish bo‘lib, bu birinchi navbatda klinik tibbiyot talablari bilan bog‘liq, chunki yangi ekologik, ijtimoiy va boshqa omillar inson tanasiga sezilarli ta‘sir ko‘rsata boshladi. Ayrisimon bez immunogenezning markaziy organi va ichki sekretsiya bezi hisoblanadi. Timusning tuzilishi (makro-mikroskopik manzarasi) 31 ta yangi tug‘ilgan bola murdasida o‘rganildi. Anatomik usullar (preparatlash, o‘lchash) va gistologik usullar (gistologik bo‘yash) qo‘llanildi. Quyuqroq po‘stloq zonasida hujayralar juda zich joylashgan, ularning soni miya zonasi markazidagiga qaraganda ancha ko‘p. Miya moddasi qalinligida yakka Gassal tanachalari, qon kapillyarlari va limfa yoriqlari uchraydi. Po‘stloq qavati juda zich joylashgan limfoid elementlardan iborat bo‘lib, ayrim hujayralarda mitozlar kuzatiladi. Ayrisimon bez asosan elastik tolalardan tashkil topgan nozik yupqa biriktiruvchi to‘qimali kapsulaga ega, tolalar orasida kollagen tolalar aniqlanadi, yangi tug‘ilganlarda kollagen tolalar va bo‘lakchalararo to‘siqlar yaxshi rivojlangan.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>thymus gland</kwd>
        <kwd>newborn</kwd>
        <kwd>morphology</kwd>
        <kwd>histology</kwd>
        <kwd>structure</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <kwd>вилочковая железа</kwd>
        <kwd>новорожденный</kwd>
        <kwd>морфология</kwd>
        <kwd>гистология</kwd>
        <kwd>строение</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="uz">
        <kwd>ayrisimon bez</kwd>
        <kwd>yangi tug‘ilgan chaqaloq</kwd>
        <kwd>morfologiya</kwd>
        <kwd>gistologiya</kwd>
        <kwd>tuzilish</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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</article>
